On the solemn occasion of: 〜に際して
Verb (dictionary) / N + に際して/に際し/に際しての + N
N / Verb (dictionary) + に際して (に際し, に際しての + N): at the time of an important, one-off event. Solemn, written, official register.
In short
〜に際して places an action at the moment of an important, one-off event: a ceremony, a departure, signing a contract, an opening, using a service. It's the solemn, written version of 際(に)(N3). You find it in speeches, regulations, instruction manuals and official documents.
- 卒業に際して、お世話になった先生にお礼の手紙を書いた。そつぎょうにさいして、おせわになったせんせいにおれいのてがみをかいた。On the occasion of my graduation, I wrote a thank-you letter to the teacher who had helped me so much.
- ご契約に際し、次の書類が必要です。ごけいやくにさいし、つぎのしょるいがひつようです。When signing the contract, the following documents are required.
- ご利用に際しては、必ず説明書をお読みください。ごりようにさいしては、かならずせつめいしょをおよみください。Before use, please be sure to read the instructions.
- 引退に際しての記者会見で、選手は家族への感謝を語った。いんたいにさいしてのきしゃかいけんで、せんしゅはかぞくへのかんしゃをかたった。At the press conference held on the occasion of his retirement, the athlete thanked his family.
The basics
You've known the noun 際 (“moment, occasion”) since N3, in お降りの際は (“when getting off”). 〜に際して is its fixed verbal form: “at the time of, on the occasion of”. It sits on a one-off, important event that marks a break: you enter, you leave, you sign, you begin, you depart.
The tone is solemn. Coming from a presenter, a director or in a set of rules, に際して instantly makes a sentence sound official.
When signing the contract, the following documents are required.
- noun
- grammatical form
- adjective
- 開会に際し、市長が挨拶をした。かいかいにさいし、しちょうがあいさつをした。At the opening of the session, the mayor gave a speech.
- 帰国に際して、友人たちがパーティーを開いてくれた。きこくにさいして、ゆうじんたちがぱーてぃーをひらいてくれた。On the occasion of my return home, my friends threw a party for me.
How to form it
に際して attaches directly to an event noun or to a verb in the dictionary form. に際し is the more written continuative form; に際しては makes the occasion the topic (common in instructions: ご利用に際しては…); before a noun, you say に際しての.
| Construction | Example | Where you see it |
|---|---|---|
| N + に際して | 卒業に際して | speeches, letters |
| Verb (dictionary) + に際して | 家を出るに際して | formal writing |
| N + に際し | ご契約に際し | documents, announcements |
| N + に際しては | ご利用に際しては | regulations, instruction manuals |
| に際しての + N | 引退に際しての記者会見 | press, headlines |
- 工事の開始に際しては、近くの住民に説明を行います。こうじのかいしにさいしては、ちかくのじゅうみんにせつめいをおこないます。When the works begin, we'll brief the local residents.
- 入学に際しての注意をよく読んでおいてください。にゅうがくにさいしてのちゅういをよくよんでおいてください。Please read the guidelines for starting school carefully.
に際して or 際に? Two different constructions
Both mean “at the time of”, but they aren't built the same way. 際 is a noun: it needs の after a noun (卒業の際に) and attaches as is to a verb (出発する際に). に際して, on the other hand, attaches directly to the noun, without の: 卒業に際して.
As for tone, 際に is polite and common (station and shop announcements); に際して is more solemn, kept for big moments and official texts.
| After a noun | After a verb | Tone | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 際(に)(N3) | 卒業の際に | 出発する際に | polite, common |
| に際して | 卒業に際して | 出発するに際して | solemn, written |
- お降りの際は、足元にご注意ください。おおりのさいは、あしもとにごちゅういください。When getting off, please mind your step. (train announcement)
- 新しい店の開店に際し、記念のプレゼントをご用意しました。あたらしいみせのかいてんにさいし、きねんのぷれぜんとをごよういしました。To mark the opening of our new shop, we've prepared a commemorative gift.
に際して, にあたって, とき
にあたって (previous point) looks towards the coming step and what you do to prepare for it. に際して sits on the very moment of the event. In many sentences the two are interchangeable; に際して stays a little more neutral about intention and a little more written.
For an ordinary moment, neither one: “食事に際して” (“on the occasion of the meal”) is absurdly solemn. You say 食事のとき.
- 食事のとき、テレビは消しましょう。しょくじのとき、てれびはけしましょう。Let's turn the TV off during meals. (ordinary moment: とき)
- ご結婚に際し、心よりお祝い申し上げます。ごけっこんにさいし、こころよりおいわいもうしあげます。On the occasion of your wedding, please accept my most heartfelt congratulations.
Common mistakes
- Writing “卒業の際して”: に際して attaches without の. It's 際に that needs の (卒業の際に).
- Using it for an ordinary moment (食事に際して, 歯を磨くに際して): keep it for an important event.
- Dropping it into a relaxed conversation: among friends, とき is enough, and に際して would sound like a speech.
7 exercises on this point
Particles to choose, sentences to put back in order, translations: marked straight away, then reviewed at the right time. This JLPT N2 point is on the Higashiyama Line (The working world) of the Nagoya lines.