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Getting someone to do something: 〜てもらう

A は B に 〜て もらう

A は B に 〜て もらう: A gets a favour from B. The beneficiary is the subject; the person acting takes に. Often a favour that was asked for.

In short

A は B に 〜て もらう: A gets a favour from B; B does something for A. The subject is the one who benefits (often me); the person doing the action takes に. It's often a favour that was asked for.

  • 友だちに 写真を とって もらいました。ともだちに しゃしんを とって もらいました。A friend took a photo of me.
  • 田中さんに 駅まで 送って もらった。たなかさんに えきまで おくって もらった。Mr Tanaka walked me to the station.
  • 母に 新しい 服を 買って もらいました。ははに あたらしい ふくを かって もらいました。My mother bought me some new clothes.
  • 病院で 医者に 見て もらいました。びょういんで いしゃに みて もらいました。I had a doctor examine me at the hospital.

The basics

もらう means “to receive”. With a て-form verb in front, you receive an action: someone does something for me, and I'm the subject of the sentence. The closest English is “to have / get someone to do something”: “I got a friend to take my photo”. Often, though, English just says “a friend took my photo (for me)”.

The person doing the favour is marked with に: the favour comes from them.

The sentence, piece by piece
友だちにby a friend
写真をa photo (object)
とってtake (て-form)
もらいましたI received (this favour)

A friend took a photo of me.

  • noun
  • verb
  • grammatical form
  • 日本人の 友だちに 日本語を 教えて もらって います。にほんじんの ともだちに にほんごを おしえて もらって います。A Japanese friend is teaching me Japanese.

Who does what?

Remember the roles: the beneficiary is the subject (は or が, often unspoken when it's me), the person acting takes に, and the object of the action keeps を.

RoleParticleExample
the one receiving the favourは / がわたしは
the one doing the favourに田中さんに
the object of the actionを道を
the favourverb in て + もらう教えて もらった
  • わたしは 田中さんに 道を 教えて もらいました。わたしは たなかさんに みちを おしえて もらいました。Mr Tanaka showed me the way.
  • 妹は 父に 自転車を 直して もらった。いもうとは ちちに じてんしゃを なおして もらった。My father fixed my little sister's bike for her.

One scene, three sentences

あげる, くれる and もらう often describe the same scene from a different angle. Compare:

SentenceSubjectPoint of view
田中さんが 道を 教えて くれたTanaka (the helper)he was kind to me
わたしは 田中さんに 道を 教えて もらったme (the one receiving)I got his help
わたしは 田中さんに 道を 教えて あげたme (the helper)I'm the one who helped Tanaka
  • 田中さんが 道を 教えて くれました。たなかさんが みちを おしえて くれました。Mr Tanaka showed me the way (it was kind of him).
  • 田中さんに 道を 教えて もらいました。たなかさんに みちを おしえて もらいました。I asked Mr Tanaka the way, and he showed me.

A nuance: it's often been asked for

くれる highlights the other person's kindness; もらう highlights the fact that I obtained the favour, often because I asked for it. For something unpleasant you undergo, もらう doesn't work: you need another form (the passive, coming later).

  • 店の 人に 頼んで、プレゼントを つつんで もらいました。みせの ひとに たのんで、プレゼントを つつんで もらいました。I asked the shop assistant to gift-wrap the present, and they did.

Common mistakes

  • Swapping the roles: with もらう, the person acting takes に, not が (友だちに とって もらった).
  • Translating word for word with “receive”: in English, say “he… for me” or “I had / got him to…”.
  • Using it for something unpleasant (“I had my wallet stolen”): もらう implies a benefit.

7 exercises on this point

Particles to choose, sentences to put back in order, translations: marked straight away, then reviewed at the right time. This JLPT N4 point is on the Sakaisuji Line (Doing favours) of the Osaka subway.